Part One: Related Theory Review
High-tech industrial cluster refers to companies and organizations gathered in a certain area which is mutual associated, complementary and competing in the field of high technology. Full of innovation, these clusters are usually around universities and research institutes.Industry concentration level is affected by many factors, not only economic geographical factors, new economic geography factors, but also the government related policy factors, such as the quantity of developers, capital investment, finance, research and development funds invested in financial institutions, education, science and technology, the economic development level in the local area, etc.
When exploring the competitiveness of Canadian biotechnology industry cluster, Sabourin&Pinsonneaut pointed out that the high-quality human resources play a key role in creating a gathering relationship; knowledge resources play the role of protection of intellectual assets; abundant capital resources become a push factor for the technology development and commercialization, and make both of them obtain multiplier effect. In the research of American Silicon Valley high-tech industry agglomeration phenomenon, Bahrml&Evans pointed out that the following six factors, including universities and research institutions, risk assets, supporting infrastructure, the high quality talent, entrepreneurial spirit and lead users interact with each other so as to successfully promote the formation of industrial cluster.
Some Chinese scholars believe that some of the industrial cluster phenomena have a direct relationship with privatization. They hold that the system innovation leads to the reduction of transaction costs and thus provides a deep level of protection for the formation of industrial agglomeration.
Considering the above performance investigation of industrial clusters, there are two aspects of deficiency on the study of clusters: One is the lack of systematic theory framework analysis of cluster economy. Most of the researches are often limited to a certain angle, especially the lack of theoretical comprehensive and deepening research in cluster performance. The other is that the existing researches are limited to static analysis of cluster economic network structure and division of labor. They are lack of system analysis of cluster economy dynamic evolution, evolution mechanism of rise and fall. To study and solve the deficiencies in the above two aspects, is not only the key of research in industrial cluster in the future, but also what this paper attempts to focus on solving.
Part Three: Conclusion
Through the above regression analysis, we know that the overall situation of the model is good. It is safe to come to the conclusion that patent accredit quantity, new product production rate, government funding ratio in funds of science and technology activities have made effect in Shaanxi high-tech industry cluster level.
First, the output rate of new products is the most influential factor on the industrial agglomeration level. While patent accredit quantity reflecting the technical innovation ability makes the minimal effect on the industrial agglomeration level, which may be due to the not fully played potential of high technology production. Although investment in the activities of science and technology is strengthen in recent years, the effect of the investment in science and technology is not obvious. Output and input is not consistent. Therefore it makes less impact on industry agglomeration level. It also indicates that the input and output effect of Shaanxi science and technology is not obvious, the abilities of science and technology in promoting social development is not outstanding, which affects the Shaanxi high-tech industrial cluster effect.
Therefore, the government of Shaanxi province needs to strengthen the industry innovation ability and foundation ability construction of scientific research in engineering research center, major scientific projects and knowledge innovation engineering, make clear the goal and task of research and development institutions, establish target assessment system of infrastructure construction; it needs to promote the integrated cooperation mechanism of production, study and research, and promote the formation of the effective interaction pattern of the cooperation mechanism. The government needs to make full use of the advantages that there are many scientific research institutions in Shaanxi and their scientific research strength is strong, build enterprise technology innovation system with enterprise as the main body, extensive participated by scientific research institutions and universities, promote the commercialization of scientific research achievement.
As a high technology enterprise, it needs to strengthen the cultivation of independent innovation ability, accumulate industry scale and competitive strength through the introduction of the original innovation and integrated innovation, and create high-tech industry cluster with their own intellectual property rights.
Second, government support has a positive effect on Shaanxi high technology industrial cluster performance. It shows that the financial support of the government has formed powerful supplement on the high technology industry development in Shaanxi province, the government technology support for industry has formed a strong “backing”. In the formation of high technology industry cluster, the government plays a decisive role. Perfect technical innovation system arrangement and fair, effective market competition environment creation, both need supply from government effective frame. It proves that the government of Shaanxi province has made great efforts. Meanwhile, due to inadequate service innovation, not perfect system, government support on promoting cluster performance is not significant. It indicates that the government should make more efforts in policy research, market coordination etc. Through reasonable system arrangement and policy-making, the government needs to improve and perfect the function of government made in the high tech industrial clusters development, create transaction specification, competitive and orderly market system and market environment, provide material, legal and policy security for the promotion of high-tech industry cluster effect.
Third, investment in human resources playing an inconspicuous effect on the industrial agglomeration level, are removed in multiple colinearity tests. It proves that serious defects existing in Shaanxi province high technology industry human resources development. Although the government of Shaanxi has established research information service center in recent years, setting up a full bridge for enterprises, institutions of higher learning and research institutes, as a result of the not formed interactive mode of cooperation mechanism between parties, the institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions have not become the important source of enterprise technological innovation.
Therefore, the government should adopt the means of “introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections”, combine the talent introduction with self-cultivation multi-level innovative talents, accelerate the cultivation of talents and construction of professional talent team, provide a strong talent pool for the development of high technology industry cluster, and create value for the high technology industry agglomeration level of Shaanxi province.
As a high technology enterprise, first, it needs to strengthen cooperation with institutions of higher learning, perfect the mechanism of production and research, promote the professional talents training, maintain the continuous output of the high quality professional talents resources for high technology enterprises and related research institutions; second, it should provide more preferential policies to practitioners to attract high technology industry practitioners and lay a broad foundation of human resources for the cluster development.
Fourth, the investment level variables making inconspicuous influence on Shaanxi high-tech industry cluster effect were removed in multiple colinearity tests. As we know, the high investment is one of the characteristics of high-tech industry. The higher high tech industry investment level of a region is, the easier to attract high technology enterprises assemble in this area, and the higher the high technology industry agglomeration level will become. When making the regression analysis of investment in the high technology industry in Shaanxi province, we find that the fixed capital investment makes a small influence on the level of industrial agglomeration effect. Due to repeated distributions of Shaanxi high-tech industry cluster, duplication of investment caused, and the investment did not achieve the maximum use. At present, in the 5 national high-tech zones (Xi’an, Xianyang, Baoji, Weinan, Yangling) in Shaanxi province, there are 4 biological pharmaceutical groups, the 2 electronic information industrial clusters, 4 advanced manufacturing clusters and 2 clusters of new materials. The repeated distribution pattern of industrial clusters will separate the advantage of resources, make them difficult to integrate effectively and form highly competitive industry clusters. For this, Shaanxi must first make a reasonable industry layout. On the basis of serious research and full proof, they need to grasp the pulse of different regional industrial development, identify the pillar characteristics and key development industry. Secondly, the government needs to make a good planning of industry regional layout, make reasonable layout of cluster development according to the distribution of cluster elements, avoid repeated construction and investment in the same area, and strive to make fully use of the investment.